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CLASS  OF  1866;  PUD.  THE  JOHNS  HOPKINS  UNIVERSITY 

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Opposite  Table  of  Content 


A   NORTH    CAROLINA    MONASTERY ' 
By  J.  S.  Bassett 

Early  in  the  sixth  century  persecution  in  Rome  drove  Benedict  of 
Nursia  into  exile.  After  some  wandering  he  settled  at  Monte  Casino, 
and  drew  around  him  a  school  composed  of  a  few  associates  of  pious  inclina- 
tion, severe  habits,  and  unhesitating  devotion  to  duty.  His  fame  spread 
till  he  found  that  his  school  had  grown  to  large  numbers,  and  had  attracted 
students  from  all  Christendom.  Out  of  this  school  grew  the  monastery  of 
Monte  Casino,  and  out  of  the  monastery  developed  the  order  of  Bene- 
dictine monks.  To  estimate  the  influence  of  this  order  would  be  difficult. 
Speaking  broadly,  it  educated  Europe.  Whenever  a  colony  of  Benedict- 
ines went  out  among  the  barbarians,  it  became  a  centre  from  which  were 
spread  the  forces  of  enlightenment,  morality,  and  improved  economic  con- 
ditions. In  conducting  their  enterprises  their  spirits  were  heroic.  Win- 
ter blast,  sterile  soils,  and  rude  society,  did  not  deter  them.  To  the 
vicissitudes  of  nature  they  opposed  courage  and  industry;  to  the  rude- 
ness of  men  they  opposed  a  calm,  persevering,  Christ-like  spirit.  They 
were  well  suited  for  the  conditions  they  encountered.  They  strengthened 
the  cause  of  right,  protected  the  weak,  opposed  feudal  robbery,  and  in 
short,  during  the  six  centuries  following  the  establishing  of  the  order,  they 
exerted  a  generally  equalizing  influence  over  the  social  surface  of  Europe. 

They  fitted  so  well  into  the  past  that  we  are  accustomed  to  imagine 
that  they  belonged  there.  Unless  we  actually  stumble  on  their  long  black 
habits  we  forget  that  the  Benedictines  are  still  active  and  true  to  the  pur- 
poses of  their  teacher,  are  continually  sending  out  parties  to  found  new  col- 
leges or  new  abbeys.  The  writer  realized  this  not  long  ago,  when  he  had 
his  attention  called  to  the  Mary  Help  abbey,  near  Belmont,  North  Carolina. 

Perhaps  the  conditions  of  such  an  attempt  long  ago  would  be  repro- 
duced no  more  exactly  in  any  state  of  the  Union  than  in  North  Carolina. 
This  is  without  doubt  the  most  non-Catholic  state  in  America.  Gaston 
county,  in  which  Belmont  is  situated,  is  perhaps  the  most  non-Catholic 
count)'  in  the  state.  It  lies  in  the  district  of  the  Cape  Fear  and  Catawba 
valleys,  within  which  the  Scotch  colonies  settled  in  the  eighteenth  century, 
and  the  inhabitants  are  mostly  Presbyterians.  At  the  time  the  enterprise 
began    there  were  only  eighteen   hundred    Catholics   in    the    whole  state. 

1  A  paper  read  before  the  Historical  Seminary  of  Johns  Hopkins  University,  December  16,  1S92. 


n5 

f> 


132  A    NORTH    CAROLINA   MONASTERY 

Agriculture  in  the  south,  conducted  for  the  most  part  by  negro  labor,  is 
careless  and  superficial.  Society  has  not  entirely  emerged  from  the  semi- 
feudal  conditions  of  ante-bellum  days.  Taken  all  in  all,  it  seemed  that 
here  was  an  experiment,  an  investigation  of  which  would  be  of  interest 
both  to  the  historian  and  to  the  sociologist.  Through  the  kindness  of  the 
monks,  materials  were  easily  attainable,  and  it  was  comparatively  a  simple 
task  to  write  this  sketch  of  the  past  history  and  present  life  of  the  abbey. 

Since  the  days  of  Spanish  colonization  there  have  been  Benedictine 
foundations  in  South  and  Central  America;  but  not  till  1842  was  there 
one  in  the  United  States.  In  that  year  Arch-abbot  Wimmer  of  Munich, 
Bavaria,  founded  St.  Vincent's  abbey  in  Westmoreland  county,  Pennsyl- 
vania. This  is  the  parent  of  all  the  Benedictine  abbeys  now  in  this 
country.  Among  the  largely  Catholic  population  of  the  north  and  the 
west,  the  order  has  had  great  success  ;  but  for  a  time  the  south  remained 
to  them  an  unfallowed  field. 

In  the  year  1876  Rev.  Dr.  J.  J.  O'Connell  gave  for  establishing  a  colony 
a  plantation  of  five  hundred  acres,  situated  near  a  station  on  the  R.  &  D. 
R.R.,  then  known  as  Garibaldi,  but  since  changed  to  Belmont. 

So  far  as  the  natural  conditions  of  the  site  are  concerned,  they  could 
hardly  have  been  better  in  the  state.  The  climate  is  a  happy  medium 
between  the  cold  winters  of  the  mountains,  lying  fifty  or  more  miles  to  the 
west,  and  the  semi-tropical  seasons  of  the  Atlantic  coasts  just  below  Wil- 
mington. The  soil,  of  red  clay  mixed  with  sand,  is  capable  of  being  made 
very  fertile.  It  produces  cotton,  tobacco,  and  all  the  cereals.  Without 
cultivation  the  farmer  ma}'  reap  enough  native  hay  for  his  stock.  Red 
clover  grows  to  great  advantage.  All  kinds  of  fruits  abound,  the  section 
being  the  home  of  the  Catawba  grape.  The  location  is  very  healthful. 
The  people  are,  perhaps,  more  intelligent  than  average  southern  farmers  ; 
and  as  to  liquor  drinking,  they  boast  that  they  are  the  most  temperate  in 
North  Carolina.  Briefly,  the  spot  is  well  suited  for  intelligent,  diversified 
farming,  and  the  people  are  good  neighbors. 

The  design  of  the  Benedictines,  when  they  accepted  Dr.  O'Connell's 
gift,  was  to  erect  a  college  to  educate  priests  for  the  southern  work. 
Accordingly,  during  the  same  year,  Rev.  Dr.  Herman  Wolfe  led  out  the 
first  colony,  which  found  shelter  for  a  while  in  Dr.  O'Connell's  house.  The 
quiet  sons  of  the  Covenanters  were  surprised  at  the  sight  of  the  black-robed 
figures  about  their  old  neighbor's  premises.  Monks  !  The)-  had  never 
before  seen  one.  About  all  they  knew  of  such  beings  they  had  gotten 
from  the  impressive  pictures  of  Fox's  Book  of  Martyrs,  and  from  the  milk- 
and-water  stuff  that   is   usually  doled   out  to  children   by  Sunday-school 


A   NORTH    CAROLINA   MONASTERY  1 33 

libraries.  North  Carolina  is  such  a  strongly  dissenting  state,  that  in 
many  rural  districts  even  a  surpliced  Episcopal  clergyman  is  an  object  of 
interest.  Imagine,  then,  the  feelings  of  these  good  people  when  they  found 
themselves  face  to  face  with  real,  living  monks. 

The  Benedictines,  however,  settled  down  to  their  work  at  once.  With 
seven  or  eight  boys,  whom  they  gathered  with  much  effort,  the  teachers 
began  the  routine  work  of  what  had  been' called  "  Saint  Mary's  college." 
The  lay  brothers  went  to  their  tasks  in  kitchen,  workshop,  and  field,  and 
wherever  the  care  of  the  farm  took  them.  The  neighbors  found  them 
affable,  self-contained,  industrious,  and  strictly  honest  in  business  affairs. 
If  there  was  but  little  communication,  there  was  respect  and  no  ill-will  on 
either  side. 

The  first  work  of  Dr.  Wolfe  was  erecting  a  college  building.  He  soon 
had  ready  a  two-story  frame  house.  Four  years  later  a  three-story  brick 
building,  seventy-five  by  thirty-five  feet,  was  constructed  for  the  college, 
and  the  monks  used  the  wooden  structure  for  their  quarters. 

Nine  years  passed,  and  the  number  of  students  increased  from  eight  to 
sixteen  or  twenty.  The  mother  abbey  had  such  demands  from  the  north 
and  the  west  that  the  work  in  North  Carolina  was  not  pushed  very  ener- 
getically. Brothers  looked  on  Saint  Mary's  as  almost  a  place  of  exile. 
Failure  stared  the  young  college  in  the  face.  Arch-abbot  Wimmer,  realiz- 
ing that  something  must  be  done  to  prevent  dissolution,  applied  to  Rome 
to  have  Saint  Mary's  erected  into  an  independent  abbey.  The  request 
was  granted,  and  the  new  abbey  was  called  Mary  Help. 

After  much  effort  a  small  band  of  volunteers  was  secured,  who  agreed 
to  go  south  and  take  the  new  work  in  hand.  On  July  14,  1885,  these 
assembled  in  the  chapter  house  of  Saint  Vincent's  to  elect  an  abbot. 
This  election  must  be  held  in  strict  accord  with  canon  law,  and  the  utmost 
secrecy  must  be  observed.  The  unanimous  choice  fell  on  Rev.  Leo  Haid, 
secretary,  chaplain,  and  professor  at  Saint  Vincent's.  A  better  man  for  the 
place  it  would  have  been  hard  to  find.  He  is  well  known  in  Catholic  circles 
as  an  orator,  and  his  success  with  Mary  Help  abbey  has  been  remarkable. 

By  the  fall  opening  the  sixteen  students  had  increased  to  forty-five. 
To-day,  seven  years  later,  it  is  over  a  hundred.  Plans  were  made  for  a  new 
college  building  to  be  erected  in  parts.  In  1887  the  east  wing,- seventy-five 
by  sixty  feet,  was  completed.  It  is  of  brick,  three  stories  high,  with  a  base- 
ment. In  1888  the  central  building,  fifty-four  by  sixty  feet,  was  put  up. 
The  west  wing,  of  the  same  size  as  the  east  wing,  remains  to  be  built. 
In  1 891  they  added  one  hundred  and  twenty  feet  to  the  old  college  build- 
ing, and   now  use  it  for  an  abbey.     At  the  present  time  they  are  building 


134  A   NORTH   CAROLINA    MONASTERY 

an  abbey  church.  It  is  to  be  a  handsome  Gothic  structure,  one  hundred 
and  fifteen  by  fifty-four  feet. 

Besides,  Mary  Help  has  become  a  mother  abbey.  In  1887  Abbot 
Haid  erected  a  high  school  in  Richmond,  Virginia.  In  1S91  he  opened 
Saint  Leo's  military  college  at  Clear  Lake,  Florida.  The  buildings  of  the 
latter  are  ample,  and  the  institution  is  said  to  be  in  a  flourishing  condition. 

In  18S8  Abbot  Haid  was  'consecrated  bishop  of  Messene  and  vicar 
apostolic  of  North  Carolina.  He  refused  to  resign  his  abbatial  position, 
and  by  a  special  arrangement,  common  in  ancient  times,  but  never  before 
employed  in  the  United  States,  he  was  allowed  to  fulfill  his  new  duties 
and  still  to  retain  his  office  as  abbot. 

In  casting  up  the  general  statistics  of  the  abbey  at  the  end  of  the 
seventh  year  of  its  existence,  it  is  seen  that  the  membership  has  increased 
from  four  priests,  four  sub-deacons,  two  clerics,  and  four  lay  brothers  in 
1885,  to  seventeen  priests,  two  deacons,  six  clerics,  three  novices,  twenty- 
two  la}'  brothers,  and  eighteen  lay  novices  and  candidates  in  1892  ;  that 
is  to  say,  a  growth  from  fourteen  to  sixty-eight.  Moreover,  two  hundred 
and  fourteen  acres  of  land  have  been  added  to  the  original  farm,  thus 
making  seven  hundred  and  fourteen  acres  in  one  tract. 

The  condition  of  the  farm  is  much  better  than  it  was  originally.  Land 
has  been  improved  by  careful  and  studied  cultivation,  and  blooded  stock 
has  been  gradually  introduced.  All  supplies  needed  have  been  raised  by 
the  monks.  In  the  winter  of  1885-86,  with  four  cows  and  two  horses  to 
keep,  the  abbot  had  to  buy  hay  ;  now  he  has  feed  in  abundance  for  his 
thirty  head  of  cattle  and  seven  horses.  The  system  of  agriculture  is  the 
most  modern,  and  the  farm  has  become  a  model  for  the  neighbors.  A 
large  orchard  furnishes  fruit  for  home  consumption,  with  a  small  amount 
for  sale,  while  the  abbey  vineyard  furnishes  wine  for  table  use  and  for 
sacramental  purposes.  Incidentally,  it  may  be  remarked  that  land  in  the 
immediate  vicinity  has  increased  in  value  during  the  last  eight  years  from 
eight  or  ten  dollars  to  twenty-five  or  thirty  dollars  an  acre. 

It  is  undoubtedly  a  fact  that  the  abbey  is  becoming  very  wealthy.  It 
is  equally  true,  I  am  informed,  that  it  is  all  through  the  efforts  of  the 
monks  themselves.  They  have  received  no  outside  aid.  While  individ- 
ual farmers  have  become  poor,  they  have  become  wealthy  ;  and  this  while 
educating  without  charge  their  own  candidates  and  many  other  students. 

The  cause  lies  in  two  facts :  (1 )  The  organization  of  the  labor  forces 
of  the  abbey,  and  (2)  the  manner  of  life  of  the  monks  themselves. 

Monasticism  is  the  purest  type  of  communism.  All  property  is  held 
in  common.      A  monk  can  neither  give  nor  receive  anything  without  the 


A    NORTH  CAROLINA    MONASTERY  1 35 

consent  of  the  abbot.  Whatever  he  produces  goes  into  the  common 
store;  whatever  he  needs  for  his  simple  wants  he  gets  from  this  store 
through  the  procurator.  The  saving  is  great.  The  abbot  has  control  of 
all  expenditure.  He  also  directs  the  entire  life  of  the  members  of  the 
order.  He  assigns  each  one  his  work  according  to  what  he  thinks  is  his 
most  profitable  adaptability.  The  member  must  submit.  If  he  thinks 
his  task  is  impossible,  he  may  tell  his  superior  so  in  a  spirit  of  gentleness 
and  patience;  but  if  the  abbot  still  thinks  that  he  should  do  the  work, 
then  the  disciple  must  yield,  and  no  more   objection  is  allowed. 

Although  the  abbot  is  elected  as  in  a  perfect  democracy,  he  holds 
power  almost  as  if  he  were  an  autocrat.  He  is  largely  independent  of 
higher  authority,  and  to  him  every  monk  is  responsible  for  the  correct  per- 
formance of  his  duty.  He  is  head  farmer,  head  teacher — -supreme  over 
each  department.  He  thinks  out  the  plans  of  the  monastery;  he  directs 
their  execution.  Bishop  Haid  is  professor  of  moral  theology  in  the  col- 
lege, and  works  as  the  other  teachers.  He  may  often,  when  other  duties 
allow,  be  seen  in  the  fields  working  with  the  lay  brothers. 

The  routine  life  of  the  monks,  just  as  it  was  a  dozen  or  more  centuries 
ago,  is  severe  and  simple.  They  arise  at  3.45  o'clock,  at  the  summons  of 
the  abbey  bell,  spend  two  hours  in  prayer  and  meditation,  partake  of  a 
slight  breakfast,  and  then  go  about  their  daily  tasks.  Study,  rest,  and  rec- 
reation are  duly  provided  for.  At  9  o'clock  in  the  evening  all  retire.  The 
religious  motive  drives  away  rivalry  and  discontent.  Each  one  works 
from  a  sense  of  religious  duty.  The  abbot  says  they  do  not  need  watch- 
ing ;  he  always  knows  they  are  doing  their  duty. 

The  health  of  the  community  is  excellent.  If  we  except  attendance 
due  to  accidents  from  the  use  of  machinery,  the  physicians'  fees  do  not 
reach  ten  dollars  a  year.  There  are  some  persons  at  hard  work  at  the 
advanced  age  of  seventy- five  or  seventy-eight  years.  From  the  monks' 
standpoint  the  abbey  is  represented  as  a  delightful  place  to  live  in. 

Monasticism  as  compared  with  communism  has  one  decided  advantage: 
No  man  is  born  a  monk.  It  has  been  the  fate  of  the  attempts  in  the  past 
to  establish  societies  on  the  communistic  basis,  that  as  soon  as  the  origi- 
nal members  have  been  replaced  by  a  younger  generation,  their  own  chil- 
dren for  the  most  part,  the  project  has  failed.  Taking  the  vows  of  monastic 
life  is  a  thing  of  choice,  and  is  backed  by  the  strongest  religious  motives. 
Monasticism  looks  to  earnest  conviction  for  its  continued  existence  ;  com- 
munism must  rely  on  the  fortuitous  circumstances  of  birth. 


BAYARD    TAYLOR 


Bv  The  Editor 


Many  interesting  and  pleasant  memories  are  associated  with  the  name 
of  one  who  has  a  just  claim  to  what  Halleck  happily  called 

"That  frailer  thing  than  leaf  or  flower, 
A  poet's  immortality  ;  " 

— whose  brief  and  brilliant  career,  "the  truly  American  story  of  a  grand, 
cheerful,  active,  self-developing,  self-sustaining  life,  remains  as  an  enduring 
inheritance  for  all  coming  generations." 

Bayard  Taylor,  journalist,  traveler,  poet,  critic,  novelist,  and  lecturer, 
was  born  in  Kennett  Square,  the  name  of  a  pleasant  and  pretty  rural  vil- 
lage in  Chester  county,  Pennsylvania,  Jan- 
uary M,  1825.  He  was  descended  from  a 
Quaker  family,  and  breathed  from  the 
first  a  moral  atmosphere  as  pure  and 
healthful  as  the  mountain  air  in  which 
his  infancy  was  cradled.  His  entrance 
upon  active  life  was  as  an  apprentice  in  a 
printing  office,  where  he  began  to  learn 
the  trade  at  the  age  of  seventeen,  receiv- 
ing a  new  impulse  to  his  imperfect  studies, 
and  in  some  sense  supplying  the  defects 
of  his  early  education.  In  Graham's 
Magazine  for  May,  1843,  there  is  a  poem 
of  his,  entitled  "  Modern  Greece,"  signed 
J.  B.  Taylor,  and  another  in  August, 
1S44,  called  "The  Nameless  Bird."  In 
the  following  year  he  ceased  to  use  his 
r  /        first    name    of   James,   and    began    to   call 

himself  J.  Bayard  Taylor,  which  he  had 
seldom  done  before,  and  under  that  arrangement  of  his  patronymic  ap- 
peared in  the  same  magazine  as  the  author  of  "  Night  on  the  Deep  "  and 
"  The  Poet's  Ambition."  By  this  time  the  promise  of  his  life  had  been 
recognized  by  several  Philadelphians,  who  kindly  advanced  the  young 
writer  the  necessary  means  to  enable  him  to  visit   Europe,  and  he  com- 


a^L    ^G<^fAH> 


The  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Co.  of  New  York, 

RICHARD  A.  MCCURDY,  President. 
Statement    for    the    year    ending    December    31st,    18©1. 


Assets, 


$159,507,138  68 


Reserve  on  Policies  (American  Table  4^)         ....  8146,968,322  00 

Liabilities  other  than  Reserve, 507,849  52 

Surplus 12,030,967  16 

Receipts  from  all  sources '.  .        37,634,734  S3 

Payments  to  Policy-Holders, 18,755,711  86 

Risks  assumed  and  renewed, .        .       194,470  policies,  607,171,80100 

Risks  in  force 225,507  policies,  amounting  to  695,753,461  03 


Note. — The  above  statement  shows  a  large  increase  over  the  business  of  1890  in  amount  at 
risk,  new  business  assumed,  payments  to  policy-holders,  receipts,  assets  and  surplus  ;  and  includes 
as  risks  assumed  only  the  number  and  amount  of  policies  actually  issued  and  paid  for  in  the 
accounts  of  the  year. 

THE     ASSETS     ARE     INVESTED     AS     FOLLOWS  : 

Real  Estate  and  Bond  &  Mortgage  Loans, $81,345,540  48 

United  States  Bonds  and  othe.  Securities, 57,661,455  78 

Loans  on  Collateral  Securities, 10,223,903  90 

Cash  in  Banks  and  Trust  Companies  at  interest,      .        .                .  5,070,15303 

Interest  accrued,  Premiums  deferred,  etc 5,206,085  49 

foS^S*^.^  68 

I  have  carefully  examined  the  foregoing  statement  and  find  the  same  to  be  correct. 

A.  N.  WATERHOUSE,  Auditor. 

From  the  Surplus  a  dividend  will  be  apportioned  as  usual. 


REPORT     OP     THE      EXAMINING     COMMITTEE. 
Office  of  The  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Company  of  New  York. 

January  25,  1  892. 
At  a  meeting  of  the   Board   of  Trustees  of  this   Company,  held   on  the 
23d  day  of  December,  ultimo,  the  undersigned  were  appointed  a  Committee 
to  examine  the  annual  statement  for  the  year  ending  December  3  1,1  89  1 , 
and  to  verify  the  same  by  comparison  with  the  assets  of  the  Company. 

The  Committee  have  carefully  performed  the  duty  assigned  to  them, 
and  hereby  certify  that  the  statement  is  in  all  particulars  correct,  and  that 
the  assets  specified  therein  are  in  possession  of  the  Company. 

in  making  this  certificate  the  Committee  bear  testimony  to  the  high 
character  of  the  investments  of  the  Company  and  express  their  approbation 
of  the  system,  order,  and  accuracy  with  which  the  accounts  and  vouchers 
have  been  kept,  and  the  business  in  general  is  transacted. 

H.  C  Von  Post  Robert  Sewell, 
George  Bliss.  J.  H.  Herrick, 
Julien  T.  Davies,  D.  c.  Robinson. 
Jas.  C.  Holden. 


BOARD     OP"    TRUSTEES. 


Samuel  E.  Sproulls. 
Samuel  D.  Babcock. 
George  S.  Coe. 
Richard  A.  McCurdy. 
James  C.  Holden. 
Hermann  C.  Von  Post. 
Alexander  H.  Rice. 
Lewis  May. 


Oliver  Harriman. 
Henrv  W.  Smith. 
Robert  Olyphant. 
George  F.  Baker. 
Dudley  Olcott. 
Frederic  Cromwell. 
Julien  T.  Davies. 
Robert  Sewell. 
S.  Van  Rensselaer  Cruger. 


Charles  R.  Henderson. 
George  Bliss. 
Rufus  W.  Peckham. 
J.  Hobart  Herrick. 
VVm.  P.  Dixon. 
Robert  A.  Granniss. 
Henry  H.  Kogp.rs. 
jno.  w.  auchincloss. 
Theodore  Morfokd. 


William  Babcock. 
Stuyvesant  Fish. 
Augustus  D.  Juiiliard. 
Charles  E.  Miller. 
James  \V.  Husted. 
Walter  R.  Gillette. 
James  E.  Granniss. 
David  C.  Robinson. 


ROBERT  A.  CRANNISS,  Vice-President. 

WALTER  R.  GILLETTE,  General  Manager.  FREDERIC  CROMWELL,  Treasurer. 

EMORY  McCLINTOCK,  Actuary. 


Press  of  J.  T.  Little  &  Co.,  Astor  Place.  New  York 


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PIANOS 

Unequalled  in  TONE,  TOUCH, 
WORKMANSHIP  and  DURABILITY. 


WABEROOMS. 

148  Fifth  Ave,,  near  20th  St.,  N. 
22  and  21  B,  Baltimore  St„  BaltuS 
Washington  Branch,  817  Market .af 


Pure 

A  cream  of  tartar  baking  powder. 
Highest  of  all  in  leavening  strength. 
— Latest  United  States  Government 
Food  Report. 

Royal  Baking  Powder  Co., 

106  Wall   St.,  N.  Y. 


The  Noblest  Breakfast 

Food  on  Earth ! 

The  Most  Nourishing. 
The  Most  Palatable. 
The  Easiest  Digested. 
The  Quickest  Cooked. 


No  one  can  legally  use 
the  term  Health  Food 
unless  authorized  by 
us.     Unscrupulous  j 
imitators   should 
be  avoided. 


fc 


m. 


'ALL  GROCERS 
SELL  IT. 


Free  Pamphlets 
Freely    mailed   to 
all  applicants. 


Health  Food  Co.'s 

Offices  Everywhere. 

Head  Office: 
6i  Fifth  Ave.,  New  York. 
New  England  Office: 

199  Tremont  St.,  Boston. 
Philadelphia  Office: 

632  Arch  St.,  Philadelphia. 
Western  Office: 

1601  Wabash  Ave.,  Chicago. 


Why  pay  $IOO  per  year  for  your  Life 
Insurance  when  the  Same  Amount  of 
Insurance  can  be  had  in  one  of  the  strong- 
est Life  Insurance  Companies  in  the 
world  for  50? 

Mutual  Reserve  Fund 
Life  Association. 

HECORD  AND  FINANCIAL  STANDING 

MEMBERSHIP,  OVER  70,000 

Interest  Income,  annually,  exceeds  .  $127,000.00 

Hi-Monthly  Income  exceeds     -           -  600,000.00 

RESERVE  FUND,  DEC.  31st,  1892,  -     3,375,000.00 

Death  Claims  paid,  over            -           -  14,665,700.00 

Saving  in  Premiums  exceeds           -  -  30,000,000.00 
New  Business  in  1892  exceeds                60,000,000.00 

INSURANCE  IN  FORCE  exceeds  25S,000,000,00 

RELIABLE  AGENTS  WANTED  IN  EVERY  STATE. 

Home  Office :  '■ 
Potter  Bldg.,  38  Park  Row,  N.  Y. 

E.  B.  HARPER,  President. 

5 

Seconds 

■winds  the 

Quick  =  Winding 
Waterbury. 

No  More  Long  Springs. 

The  new  watch  is  thoroughly  mod- 
ernized; stem-winding,  stem-setting, 
jeweled  works,  close  adjustment, 
accurate  time,  and  all  the  style  of  a 
high-priced  watch.  Sold  by  all  jewel- 
ers, in  forty  styles  to  suit  everybody. 
$4  to  $iS. 


Vfl 


(Established  in  1851.)    ELEGANT  DESIGNS,  SDJ 
WORKMANSHIP,  GREAT  DURABILITY,   EAST  TERMS. 

Instruaienta  .talced  in   exchanae.      "Write   for   Cate 
and  full  Information.  170  Tremont  St.,  BOSTOW,  IviASSS-s 


Photomount 

Pamphlet 

Binder 

Gaylord  Bros. 

Makers 
Syracuse,  N.  Y. 

Pftl.  JAM  2t,  1908 


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